Hoʻokaʻawale pepa

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pepa i loko o nā ʻāpana ma muli o nā ʻāpana he nui.

Ma muli o ka papa: Ua kapa ʻia ka pepa i hana mua ʻia mai ka pulp lāʻau makapepa puʻupaʻaa i ʻolepepa papa puʻupaʻa.Pepa hana houʻo ia ka pepa i loaʻa ma hope o ka hana hou ʻana i ka pepa puʻupaʻa, ka pepa ʻōpala i hana hou ʻia a i ʻole ka hui ʻana.

Ma muli o ka maʻalahi a me ka lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia i ka pulp a me ka pepa, ua māhele nui ʻia ia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ʻO nā pepa i hoʻohana ʻia no ka paʻi ʻana, ka lepili ʻana, ke kākau ʻana, nā puke a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia me ka pulp bleached a kapa ʻia ʻo ia.pepa maikai, a ʻo ka pepa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia me ka pulp unbleached ua kapa ʻia ʻo iapepa koʻikoʻi.

Wahi a ka Food Safety and Standard Authority of India (FSSAI), pono e hoʻohana wale ʻia nā mea hoʻopihapiha piha puʻupaʻa no ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana i ka meaʻai (FSSR).2011).Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pepa no ka ʻeke meaʻai i ʻelua ʻāpana ākea (1) ma muli o ka pulp a i ʻole ka mālama pepa (2) ma muli o ke ʻano a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea like ʻole.Hoʻopilikia ka lāʻau pulp i nā waiwai pepa a me kona hoʻohana nui ʻana.Kūkākūkā ka ʻāpana aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano pepa like ʻole e pili ana i ka pulp a me ka mālama ʻana i ka pepa a me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻeke meaʻai.

ʻO ka papa pulupulu ʻahuʻula(CFB)

ʻO ka mea maka no ka CFB ka pepa kraft akā naʻe, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana mai ka ʻoihana tequila no ka hana ʻana i ka fiberboard (Iñiguez-Covarrubias et al.2001).ʻO ka papa fibreboard corrugated maʻamau he ʻelua a ʻoi aʻe paha o nā ʻāpana o ka pepa kraft palahalaha (liner) a ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā mea ʻala (flute) ma waena o nā papa pālahalaha e hāʻawi i ka hopena cushioning a me ka pale ʻana i ka abrasion.Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe me ka corrugator e pili ana i ka hele ʻana o ka pepa kraft palahalaha ma waena o ʻelua mau ʻōwili serrated, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao o nā corrugations a paʻa ka liner i ka mea corrugated me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi (Kirwan2005).Inā hoʻokahi wale nō laina, he pā hoʻokahi;inā laina ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ma mua o ʻekolu ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​maka pālua a pēlā aku.Wahi a ka Bureau of Indian Standards (IS 2771(1) 1990), A (Broad), B (Narrow), C (Medium) a me E (Micro) i wehewehe ʻia.Hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano o nā ʻōheʻe ke koʻikoʻi nā waiwai cushioning, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ʻano B ma mua o A a me C, ʻo C ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā waiwai ma waena o A a me B a me E maʻalahi ke pelu me ka hiki ke paʻi maikaʻi loa (IS: SP-7 NBC2016).Hoʻohana hoʻokahi ka ʻeke meaʻai i kanakolukumamālua pākēneka o ka nui o ka papa corrugated ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa a he kanahā pākēneka inā hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻeke inu (Kirwan2005).Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao pili meaʻai pololei no nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻohana ʻia nā papa ʻōpala āpau e like me nā papa o loko akā pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke koi i ka pae o ka pentachlorophenol (PCP), phthalate a me benzophenone.

Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia nā pahu pahu CFB ma ke keʻena no nā ʻeke lehulehu o nā kīʻaha yoghurt o ka polystyrene.Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa, ka pizza, ka meaʻai, ka meaʻai wikiwiki, ka berena, ka moa, a me nā fries Farani i loko o nā papa fiber (Begley et al.2005).Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu no ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mākeke i kēlā me kēia lā.